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Cliffe Bonfire Society

Bonfires of the past

1606 : The first anniversary of the discovery of the Gunpowder Plot. Bonfires in all parts of the country, including one on Cliffe Hill, not far from where the Martyrs Memorial now stands.
1679 : Following Titus Oates' 'exposure' of a Popish plot to kill the King, anti-catholic processions similar to those held in London were seen in Lewes on November the 5th. Carrying banners proclaiming the corruptions of the Roman Church, people attired in clerical regalia paraded an effigy of the pope through the streets, finally late at night to commit it to the flames.
1723 : An old churchwarden's account book has an entry as follows : 'Nov. ye 5th. Item:Pd. ye ringers being ye day of Deliverance from ye power plot....2/6d.'
1795 : The 'Sussex Weekly Advertiser' of November 9th, reported a fire at the Star Inn, caused, it stated, 'by the indifference of some thoughtless persons who had amused themselves by letting serpents and crackers in the great parlour of the Inn.'
1813 : The diary of the late John Holman (High Constable of Lewes) gives us our first glimpse of things to come in the following entry: 'Nov 5th Gunpowder plot observed by the Boys, a fire on Gallows Bank, passed without any particular Accident.'
1829 : The dragging of lighted tar barrels through the streets was introduced.
1838 : Great rioting; several arrests were made and fines up to £15 imposed. A local magistrate, the late Mr. Whitfield , JP, had a sharp encounter with the 'Boys' on Cliffe Bridge (origin of the custom of throwing a blazing tar barrel into the river)
1841 : Special constables were sworn in for another attempt to stop the celebrations. The Bonfire Boys armed themselves, and Superintendent Flanigan and some of his men were roughly treated. At the following Assizes, more than twenty of the rioters were sent to prison for terms of up to two months.
1842 : Bands were introduced into the processions.
1843 : The Sussex Express stated that 'since O'Connell and the Irish priesthood had denounced their fellow-subjects, the English as Saxon tyrants, the desire for celebrating the fifth of November in this town was increased among many of its respectable inhabitants.
1847 : One hundred and seventy 'of the principal tradesmen and other respectable inhabitants' were summoned to be sworn in as special constables. On their way to a meeting on the night of November 4th, they were attacked by Bonfire Boys in the High Street. Tar-barrels were lighted and several incidents occurred. The Police fastened a chain across the road near Keere Street and ambushed some of the 'Boys', who were arrested. The next day, 100 of the 'A' Division of the Metropolitan Constabulary arrived, and great was the mail-gig from Brighton which brought things to a head. Lord Chichester read the Riot Act from the steps of the county hall and gave the crowd five minutes in which to depart. In the free fight that ensued, many of the Metropolitan Police were injured, but the streets were eventually cleared.
1848 : A committee of local tradesmen was formed, and arrangements were made to carry out the celebrations on the Wallands Fields.
1850 : Pope Pius IX re-established the Roman Catholic hierarchy in England. This led to the townspeople to allow the Bonfire Boys back in the streets, and two great bonfires were lighted, one in front of the County Hall and one in front of Cliffe Church.
1853 : Bonfire Boys organise themselves into processions. The first societies thus formed were those of the 'Cliffe' and 'Town'
1856 : A feature of the demonstrations introduced by the Cliffe was the 'Lord Bishop' who 'officiated'. He wore full clerical uniform and gave a 'sermon' before the effigies were burnt.
1858 : 'Cliffe' was unfortunate when one of its members made off with the money box. He was commemorated the next year by being burnt in effigy along with the Pope.
1874 : An epidemic of typhoid in Lewes. The postponed celebration was carried out on the night of December 31st, after a fall of snow which greatly added to the effect.
1904 : A large fire in the town a month before the fifth showed the inhabitants the danger of fire, and consequently the famous Lewes Rouser firework was prohibited.
1906 : Fires in the streets and the dragging of lighted tar barrels through the streets suppressed. 130 police were on duty in the town and many people were arrested including four leading Bonfire Boys. In the ensuing court case they were acquitted of instigating the forming of a bonfire in Commercial Square.
1914- 1918 : Activities suspended during World War 1
1919 : The Cliffe Society resumes demonstrations, the only Society in the town to do so.
1980 : The Society leases some land and builds its own workshops and storage facilities. Adverse publicity concerning the burning of the effigy of Pope Paul V forces the Ministry of Defense to ban Military Bands from Cliffe processions.
1983 : The Cliffe successfully applies to the registry of Friendly Societies to become Cliffe Bonfire Society Limited.
1988 : The Lewes Societies stage a firework display on the battlements of Lewes Castle to celebrate the anniversary of the Spanish Armada.
1990 : The Cliffe charges admission to the Firesite for the first time.
1998 : Large crowd numbers mean the Cliffe make their Firesite ticket only.